Process of purifying raw juices in the sugar manufacture.



' sis ts neither lnthe known cbldpreliminary [for the preliminary defecation and; for the 1 'pndingupon t e nature of the juice and should not be exceeded. Q r. Thenew-process consistsjin the followingl same, with lime water conta ning a larger it may concern ing Raw Juices in the Sugar. Manufacture,

'This process essentially consists in that varied according to the nature'of the treated alkalinity {Which yields the most favorable 'diifusionjulceis submitted'to a test of a 'that't-he quantity of lime added to the given 7 mmsmw miransmgoa iUs'rm Mm ggg,

4 rspcn'ss or rummneriawfrtr'rdns mj'rimsueaa 14mmIraesirnzint I the-quantities'bf lime-required for thepre-1.

limin'a'ry defecation and for the defecation proper as'alsothe limits of alkalinity favor? able in v the operation ofsaturation, are

juice and :trexdetermined each individual time. I Theno'velty of this process'there'fore c01' 1- defecation (such as isdescri'bedxin German Patent-19518675 to '1 Ra'got, -German Patent 11'5818 toschyvager, Gemmnhmntioeiea Y to" Stut'z er) .noi"v in those prbcesses'whlch have for'pu'rpose to reduce'the quantity of? lime (Yi- Heftei, DnfKuth, Anders. and others) but it consists in the recisedeter- "i'nination of the'qu'anti'ties of iime' required defecation proper asalso of the degreeof results during saturation, which quantities of lime and de 96s of alkalinity are de- 'A small quantity or sample of the cold cold defecation with lime 'in the shape of loxid of lime 'GaO or hydroxid .of lime Ca(OH),-,' the distinctive feature proving quantity of juice'is precisely the quantity that is required for the preliminary defecationconsisting in that the treated raw juice can be separated easilyfrom the precipitate originated. therein by filtration through filtering paper and that the obtained-filtrate is absolutely clear. Thereupon in order to determine the precise quantity of lime that is required for the proper defecation, or hot defecation, the above filtrate is 'next submitted to a hot defecation mixing thequantity oflime than is required for the pre- Application med raa siiaa mam. 377,253.

'water -fwillbe 3.5% o itlieuwei I hate to be treated the mixture sthenheated 'm'ined both for the cold defecation auditor the defecation proper,.orihot defecation, by

is to be purified, the cold defecation and V previously-determined, as above indicated. i In the event that the sample does not easily such condition will indicate that the. quant- If'ihe filtrate should have'a distinct ellow (has been added-j In tlris 'inann'er the mere itus. necessary to addtothe raw' juice for ceutigrade. Itimust be distinctly "pointed for thepreliminary defecation can.

- cation proper.,

ascertaining by means; of-v acids the quantity of lime thatchas not entered into reaction .The' juice isythenflmixed with thisv quantity is necessary to'increase the alkalinity of'the juice to about 0.20.- This excess of al kalinity. is eliminatedpnly subsequently during sathr'ation. "I

The limit of lkalinityi duringthe saturation is determined in the followlng manner To a test quantitytaken from-the juice;

cipitation of the non-saccharine substances that can be precipitated in a hot condition the first 'saturationfare added 2 or 3 drops means -0f.a small quantity of the juicethat.

the cold preliminary defecation may be de-" termined with certainty. During the hot defeca'tionor hot; treatment the juice is heated as usual from'f 80 to 85 degrees i 90 outithat ifit should be de'sired'the deter'f ';v .-.1,-1. mination vof the quantity. of lime required a so be The quant ty, of fthe "non-s'accharifero'us:11 1 substances thatfenter into combination with {5- l the lime and-are'therefore eliminated by' the latter from the solution-is determined'by mmamm ame. Patented eagan; I

" aniditiis'underlallcircumstances suflicien't, i

{if the quantity of lim'econtained i'n the lime t of the -fil',-.

andfiltered and the excess of lime therein contained is-determined bytitraiiiorifWhen the quantity ofwlime has thus been -deter 1 .thereu'ponthe following hot defecation of the'entire'inassfof-the raw juice that is to be vpuri fi ed,,is performed by employing the:

relative quantities of lime; that have been fi1 te r; "or-.if "the filtrate" shoiild' not be clear J v it-itX-Qf.liniefldddtb the juice has been'f'= a. i, ;too, small; and more lime should be added.

Lcolor this'wouldfsignifythat toqmuc lim e p I I '80"- filt-I'QtIQIHOf a sample will enable quick de-..1' termination of the'quantity of lime required 1 1n proportion and in a most precise manner, a .or, 1n other.vwords,'the'quant ty of lime that yetfectedfibytitration' -inan analogous man-Q- ner as has been indicatedjtorfthe hot defe 955 of limeto which-is added-the quantitythat of basic acetate of le'ada If the liquid be comes turbid or a precipitate; is obtained therein the juice is to be submitted to further saturation until repeated tests with acetate of lead will produce no turbidity. In the case of supersaturated juices the said turbiditywill also take place.

If inthe production of rawjuices it .should be intended to work with the socalled hot difl'usion-process or press-diffusion in consequence of which processes the said juices are obtained in a hot condition and the cold preliminary defecation is therefore eliminated the quantity oflime which is necessaryfor the preliminary defecation ac-- cording to the process above described and which should be'determined in a precise manner by means of the described processes of titrationcan be introduced into the diffusion in any desired form.

It has been ascertained by means of the;

new/process that certain juices required 0.8% CaO,-others 1.4%, others again 1.7%

' or even 3.6% CaO. These examples are suflicient to show clearly that for thesejuices the generally accepted rule that; recom mendsfor instance 1.5% 0:10 is quite as impracticable as that according to which 3% CaO-shonldbeadd'ed. The advantages alreadypointed out are also of great importance for the satu'rati'omwhich operation" 113 until now also been carried out according to fixed rules and the application of these ermanent rules is as a matter of course und to lead now and then to'errors.

' The possibility of a precise saturation distinctlv correct for the particularjuice treated-will obviously have, for result an exact purification of the juice and this can only;

e ascertained by the precise determination of the quantity of lime that is to be precipitated. v a

. he advantages of the new process as compared with the working'processes em-' loyed until now are expressed by the folowing statement of the results of experiments made. When comparing the total quantities of eliminated albumen the following figures are obtained: In the case of 'sugar'juices treated according to the usual process 76.46% of albumen are eliminated,

whereas according to the new process 80.04%

of albumen are eliminated. In comparing the thick juices obtained by treatment according to the new process with those obtained' according to theusual processes, it has been found that these juices when treated in accordance with the present application contain 15.02% less albumen and 35.52% less pectinous substance s. I Finally the coloration of the-thick juice obtained according tothe new processis 35.5% lessthan. that of vthe thick juice '0 tained according to the, usual process, while 50%-vless of lime a'reengployed.

The advantages obtained by the em loyment of the. new process are. as fol ows:

(1) a more complete and thorough-purifying of the juices; (2)- in mo'st'cases a'reducF tion of the required quantity oflime; (3)

ofthe lime crust in the evaporatin .apparatus and (5)the sure production 0 a good boiling operationin-the vacuum pans.

Claim.

1. -.T he method of determining the precise" quantity of lime required for the defecationa reduction of the lime deposits in the urified uice; (4;) a reduction of the deposits or of beet root juices consisting. in taking. a

small quantity of the diffusion juice as it comes frornthe diflusion battery-and treat.-v

ing the-same in a cold state with a quantity of lime, GaO or Ca(OH),, until a richflaky precipitate is obtained, mixing a small portion of the juice that has-been subjected to the said preliminary or cold treatment'with a, quantity of, lime water containing a greater percentage of lime than is required.

and determinin the excess of 2. The method of determining the precisequantity of lime required for the defecation of beet root juices consisting in taking? a small euantity of the diffusion juice as it'- comes ingthe same in a cold state with a quantity I rom the diffusion battery and treatof lime, CaO or Ca(OH) until a rich flaky precipitate is obtained, mixing a small ortion of the juice that has been subject v .to'

the said pre iminary or cold treatment with a quantity of lime water containing a greater percentage of lime .than is'required or the precipitation of the non-saccharine substances by hot defecation, and finally ,de-

termining the amount of'lime' in excess ofthat necessary for the. defecation proper.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses;

' MIECZYCSLAW KoWALsKL' Witnesses: Roman Zrrrnn,

Crnrr. Snnomcm. 

